Have you noticed cracks on the walls of your basement? Basement walls are under considerable pressure from the soil that surrounds them. The soil is constantly pushing against the exterior of the basement wall. The appearance of basement wall cracks is therefore often the first sign that there is a structural problem with the home.

However, there are different types of cracks that appear on basement walls. The appearance of the cracks tells a lot about what the problem is and how serious it is. Understanding the different cracks will help you determine whether your basement walls need immediate attention or not.

• Horizontal cracks

Basement walls that are constructed without adequate vertical reinforcement succumb to the pressure of the soil around them. The walls tend to bow inwards and develop a horizontal crack that runs in the middle of the wall. The middle of the wall is the point at which the wall feels the highest pressure. This is why the crack forms at this point.

It is important to check if the wall is straight from top to bottom (i.e. plumb). If the wall is plumb, then you can wait to see if the crack will become any larger. If the wall is not plumb, contact a contractor as soon as possible.

• Vertical cracks

Shrinking of concrete during curing is a normal occurrence. Any cracks that occur from this process are usually very small. They can’t normally be spotted. These cracks are usually negligible. They don’t affect the structure of the wall.

However, these small cracks can allow moisture in from the surrounding soil. It is therefore important to ensure that you contact a basement waterproofing contractor to check on the water proofing of your basement. This is especially important if you notice moisture on the basement walls.

Hairline vertical basement wall cracks that are only 1/16 inches wide shouldn’t be a cause for concern. Vertical cracks that are more prominent i.e. more than 1/8 inches wide should be a cause for concern. They are usually a sign that the wall is under great distress. A professional contractor should be contacted immediately to examine and repair the damage.

There are no quick fixes for cracks in basement walls. It is important to ensure that you contact a professional contractor as soon as you notice any cracks in your basement walls. This will ensure that your foundation walls are secure.